Md Nazmul Islam

This diagram explains the Voltage Divider, a basic DC circuit used to split a single supply voltage into smaller, desired output voltages. A voltage divider uses two resistors in series to divide the input voltage proportionally. It is widely used in sensors, reference circuits, biasing, and signal level adjustments. Key Components: Voltage Source...

Ohm’s Law This animation demonstrates Ohm’s Law, the fundamental relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in a DC circuit. It shows how changing the supply voltage or resistance directly affects the current flowing through a resistor. Ohm’s Law is the foundation of all electrical calculations in both basic and...

This diagram explains the impedance behavior of AC circuits, showing how voltage and current signals can differ in magnitude and phase. Impedance represents the total opposition a circuit offers to alternating current, especially when capacitors or inductors are present. It is widely used in AC analysis, filters, signal processing, and power...

A capacitor is an electrical component that stores and releases energy in the form of an electric field. When connected with an inductor, it creates oscillations of energy between electric and magnetic fields, forming the basis of tuned circuits and signal processing applications. Key Components: Capacitor (C): Stores electrical energy in...

This diagram shows a Three Phase Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) system — a smart electrical setup that automatically switches the power supply between normal power (utility) and alternative power (generator) in case of power failure. It ensures uninterrupted power supply to essential loads, making it ideal for industries, hospitals, offices,...

An inductor is a passive electrical component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field when electric current flows through it. It typically consists of a coil of wire wound around a core, which can be air, iron, or ferrite. Working Principle When current passes through the coil, a...

Overview When more than three current-carrying conductors are installed together in the same raceway, cable, or bundled group, their ability to dissipate heat decreases. To prevent overheating, the ampacity (current-carrying capacity) of each conductor must be reduced according to the adjustment factors listed in Table 310.15(B)(3)(a). Adjustment Factors Number of ConductorsPercent of Ampacity...

Purpose NEC Table 310.16 provides the allowable ampacity (current-carrying capacity) of insulated conductors rated 0 – 2000 volts. It is one of the most used tables in the NEC — helping electricians size wires safely based on insulation type, temperature rating, and installation conditions. Understanding the Table Ampacity depends on several factors: Conductor Material...

Purpose Article 215 of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) establishes the requirements for the installation, sizing, and protection of feeder circuits — the conductors that carry power from the service equipment to branch circuit panels or distribution equipment. Proper feeder design ensures safe power delivery without overheating or voltage drop. Key Concepts Definition...

Purpose Article 210 of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) defines the requirements for branch circuits — the final wiring that delivers power from panelboards to outlets, lighting, and equipment. It ensures branch circuits are safely sized, protected, and installed to prevent overheating and electrical hazards. Key Concepts Definition (210.2) A branch circuit is...

Purpose Article 200 of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) defines the rules for identifying, connecting, and using grounded conductors — commonly known as neutral conductors. These rules ensure that electrical systems remain safe, properly referenced to earth, and free from unwanted current flow on equipment grounding paths. Key Concepts Definition A grounded conductor...

Purpose Article 110 of the National Electrical Code® (NEC®) outlines the fundamental safety requirements for all electrical installations. It ensures that equipment is installed, maintained, and operated safely, reducing risks of shock, fire, or mechanical failure. Key Areas Covered 110.2 – Approval All electrical equipment must be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction...